ISS Previous Year Paper 2017 GS Solution Question 2(e) Earthquake-Prone Areas of India

ISS Previous Year Paper 2017 GS Solution Question 2(e) Earthquake-Prone Areas of India. Detailed answer discussing the major earthquake zones, causes of seismic activity, and vulnerable regions in India.

ISS Previous Year Paper 2017 GS Solution Question 2(e) Earthquake-Prone Areas of India

ISS Previous Year Paper 2017 GS Solution Question

Q.2(e) Identify the earthquake-prone areas of India and explain the reasons for their vulnerability.

Answer :

India experiences frequent seismic activity because it lies at the boundary of major tectonic plates. The collision between the Indian Plate and the Eurasian Plate generates immense pressure, resulting in earthquakes.

The most earthquake-prone region is the Himalayan belt, which includes Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, and other northeastern states. This region falls under Seismic Zones IV and V, indicating high to very high earthquake risk.

The Northeastern states are particularly vulnerable because of their complex geological structure and active tectonic movements. Major earthquakes have frequently occurred in this region.

The Indo-Gangetic Plain is also susceptible to seismic activity because it lies close to the Himalayan fault system. Although earthquakes originate in the Himalayas, their effects are often felt strongly in the plains.

The Kutch region of Gujarat is another highly vulnerable area due to the presence of active faults. The devastating Bhuj earthquake of 2001 highlighted the seismic risk of this region.

Additionally, parts of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands are prone to earthquakes and tsunamis because they are located near a subduction zone where tectonic plates converge.

India has been divided into different seismic zones by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS), with Zone V representing the highest risk and Zone II the lowest.

Conclusion

Earthquake vulnerability in India is primarily the result of tectonic plate interactions and geological instability. Identifying high-risk areas and implementing earthquake-resistant infrastructure are essential for minimizing loss of life and property.