Explain the methodology used in the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS). Answer: PLFS was launched in 2017  to provide annual  and quarterly  labour market indicators. 1. Objectives Estimate Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) Worker Population Ratio (WPR) Unemployment Rate (UR) Quarterly estimates for urban areas 2. Sampling Design (a) Sampling Frame Urban : Latest Urban Frame Survey (UFS) Rural : Census villages (separately listed) (b) Type of Design Multi-stage stratifi

Q. Explain the structure of the Indian Statistical System. Discuss its strengths and weaknesses. Answer: The Indian Statistical System  is a fe deral, decentralized  statistical system where responsibilities are divided between central  and state  governments. 1. Central Level Components (a) Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) Apex body for statistical policy. Contains National Statistical Office (NSO)  and National Sample Survey Office (NSSO)  merged

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⚠️ What are the main sources of errors in Sampling Surveys? Answer: Errors in sample surveys arise mainly due to two broad causes —...

📋 What makes a good Sampling Frame, and why is it important? Answer: A sampling frame  is the complete list of all population units...

🧩 What are the key steps involved in designing a Sample Survey? Answer: Designing a good sample survey is a systematic process . Each...

📊 Why do we prefer Sampling in large-scale statistical investigations? Answer: Sampling is preferred in large-scale investigations...

🎯 What is the basic difference between a Census and a Sample Survey? Answer: A Census  is a complete enumeration of every individual or...

📉 If two different samples of the same size from a population give very different results, what might be the reason? Answer: This...

🧾 Q. Explain how you would conduct a Pilot Survey before final sampling. Answer: A Pilot Survey  (or Pre-test ) is a small-scale trial...

🏘️ In a village with 5 wards, you are to select 2 wards and then 10 households from each. What sampling design is this? Answer: This is...

🧠 Suppose you are asked to estimate the average household income in Delhi. Which sampling method would you use and why? Answer: To...

🧠 What is Multistage Sampling? Answer: Multistage Sampling  is an extension of cluster sampling where sampling is carried out in two or...

🏘️ What is Cluster Sampling? Answer: In Cluster Sampling , the population is divided into natural groups (clusters)  such as villages,...

🔢 Explain Systematic Sampling. Answer: In Systematic Sampling , units are selected at regular intervals  after a random start. If...

🧩 Define Stratified Sampling. Answer: In Stratified Random Sampling , the population is divided into homogeneous subgroups (strata)...

📊 Explain Simple Random Sampling (SRS). Answer: Simple Random Sampling (SRS)  is the most basic probability sampling technique in which...

🎯 What is Sampling Error? How does it differ from Non-Sampling Error? Answer: Sampling Error: It arises because only a part (sample) of...

🎯 Define ‘Sampling Frame’. Answer: A sampling frame  is the complete list or database of all units in the target population from which...

🎯 What are the Main Types of Sampling Methods? Answer: Sampling methods are broadly classified into two categories: A. Probability...