ISS PREVIOUS YEAR 2016 GS

ISS PREVIOUS YEAR 2016 GS

ISS PREVIOUS YEAR 2016 GS

Question (d)

Why were a number of European trading companies attracted to India during the 16th–17th centuries?

Answer

During the 16th and 17th centuries, India emerged as a major center of attraction for European trading companies such as the Portuguese, Dutch, English, and French. The primary reason was India’s immense wealth and flourishing trade in high-demand commodities like spices, cotton textiles, silk, indigo, and precious stones. Indian goods were highly valued in European markets, ensuring substantial profits.

Another important factor was the decline of traditional overland trade routes due to political instability and the control of the Ottoman Empire, which made direct maritime trade with India more desirable. The discovery of sea routes to India, especially after Vasco da Gama’s voyage in 1498, further facilitated direct trade and reduced dependence on intermediaries.

Additionally, India had well-developed ports, skilled artisans, and an organized system of production, making it an ideal trading destination. The relatively decentralized political structure in certain regions also allowed European companies to establish trading posts and gradually expand their influence.

Thus, economic opportunities, strategic location, and advancements in navigation collectively attracted European trading companies to India.

ISS PREVIOUS YEAR 2016 GS