ISS Previous Year Paper 2025 GS Solution Question 1(a)

ISS Previous Year Paper 2025 GS Solution Question 1(a)

(a) Discuss the reasons for the phenomenal growth of Buddhism in Ancient Period.

Answer:

Buddhism emerged in the sixth century BCE and spread rapidly because it responded effectively to the social and religious conditions of the time.

The growing complexity of Vedic rituals, expensive sacrifices and dominance of the priestly class created dissatisfaction among common people. Buddhism rejected ritualism and emphasized ethical conduct, compassion and individual effort. Buddha preached in Pali and other popular languages instead of Sanskrit, making his teachings accessible to ordinary people.

Its principles, such as the Four Noble Truths, Eightfold Path, non-violence and the Middle Path, were simple and practical. Buddhism also opposed rigid caste distinctions and admitted people from different social groups into the Sangha. This attracted merchants, artisans and lower social groups.

The organized Buddhist Sangha played an important role in spreading the faith through monasteries and missionary activity. Royal patronage, particularly from Ashoka, Kanishka and other rulers, further strengthened Buddhism. Ashoka sent missionaries to Sri Lanka and other regions.

Thus, simplicity, social equality, effective organization and royal patronage contributed to the phenomenal growth of Buddhism.