ISS Previous Year Paper 2022 GS Solution Question 4(c) Challenges and Concerns of Parliamentary Democracy
ISS Previous Year Paper 2022 GS Solution Question 4(c) Challenges and Concerns of Parliamentary Democracy. Detailed answer discussing issues such as criminalization of politics, money power, coalition pressures, and declining legislative effectiveness.
ISS Previous Year Paper 2022 GS Solution Question
Q.4(c) Illustrate the challenges and concerns of Parliamentary democracy.
Answer :
India's parliamentary democracy has successfully sustained democratic governance since independence. However, several concerns continue to affect its functioning.
Criminalization of Politics
The increasing participation of individuals with criminal backgrounds in electoral politics undermines public confidence in democratic institutions and weakens the quality of governance.
Influence of Money Power
Rising election expenditure and dependence on financial resources create unequal political competition and may encourage corruption and policy capture.
Declining Quality of Legislative Debate
Frequent disruptions, adjournments, and reduced discussion time often limit meaningful legislative scrutiny and policy deliberation.
Weakening of Parliamentary Oversight
The executive sometimes dominates the legislative process, reducing the effectiveness of parliamentary accountability mechanisms.
Defection and Political Instability
Despite the Anti-Defection Law, political defections and coalition pressures occasionally create instability in governments.
Identity-Based Politics
Excessive reliance on caste, religion, region, and community-based mobilization can divert attention from developmental and governance issues.
Low Public Participation
Limited political awareness and inadequate civic engagement may weaken democratic responsiveness and accountability.
Challenges from Social Media and Misinformation
The spread of misinformation and fake news can influence public opinion and affect informed democratic decision-making.
Need for Reforms
Electoral reforms and transparency in political funding.
Strengthening parliamentary committees.
Faster judicial resolution of cases involving elected representatives.
Enhancing civic education and citizen participation.
Improving legislative productivity and accountability.
Conclusion
Parliamentary democracy remains the most effective framework for representative governance in India. However, addressing challenges such as criminalization, money power, political polarization, and declining legislative effectiveness is essential for strengthening democratic institutions and ensuring good governance.
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